. Grammar Topics to Review and Expand
Tenses and Aspects: Review of present perfect vs. past simple, future perfect, and perfect
continuous tenses.
Modals: Detailed use of modals for deduction, advice, obligation, and possibility (e.g., must,
should, might, could).
Conditionals: Zero, first, second, and third conditionals, along with mixed conditionals.
Reported Speech: Direct vs. indirect speech, changes in tense, pronouns, and time expressions.
Passive Voice: Forming and using the passive voice in different tenses.
Relative Clauses: Defining and non-defining relative clauses, use of relative pronouns (who,
which, that).
Causative Forms: Have/get something done, causative verbs, and their structures.
- Activities for Grammar Review and Expansion
- Grammar Puzzles and Games
Grammar Bingo: Create bingo cards with different grammar points. Call out examples or
sentences, and students mark the corresponding grammar point on their cards.
Sentence Scramble: Provide mixed-up sentences for students to rearrange into correct
grammatical order.
Grammar Jeopardy: Set up a Jeopardy-style game with categories like “Tenses,” “Modals,” and
“Conditionals.” - Interactive Exercises
Gap-Fill Exercises: Use sentences or short passages with missing words for students to complete
using the appropriate grammar rules.
Error Correction: Provide sentences or paragraphs with deliberate grammatical errors for
students to find and correct.
Dialogue Completion: Give students dialogues with missing parts. They must fill in the blanks
using the correct grammatical forms. - Writing and Speaking Tasks
Story Writing: Students write a short story or a diary entry, focusing on using specific grammar
points like conditionals or passive voice.
Role-Play: Set up role-play scenarios where students must use modals and conditionals to
discuss hypothetical situations or give advice.
Grammar-Based Debates: Organize debates on various topics where students must use specific
grammatical structures (e.g., reported speech, conditionals).
- Online Resources and Tools
Grammar Websites: Websites like Grammarly, Cambridge English, and Perfect English Grammar
offer exercises and explanations.
Interactive Grammar Exercises: Platforms like Quizlet and Kahoot can be used to create custom
quizzes and interactive exercises.
Grammar Apps: Consider using apps like Duolingo or Babbel for additional practice and
grammar review.